Last Updated on September 17, 2018
In the late nineteenth century black women organized to bolster their communities by undertaking educational, philanthropic and welfare activities.¹
National Association of Colored Women reports, articles & other texts
National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs historical newspaper coverage
National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs website
Negro Women’s Clubs historical newspaper coverage
African-American women’s clubs in Chicago 1890-1920 Illinois Periodicals Online
Alpha Suffrage Club historical newspaper coverage
Cornell Charity Club historical newspaper coverage
Ida B. Wells Club historical newspaper coverage
Phyllis Wheatley Club historical newspaper coverage
Today in History: Phillis Wheatley primary source collections
Today in History: Mary Church Terrell primary source collections
1: Lerner, Gerda. “Early Community Work of Black Club Women.” The Journal of Negro History. Vol. 59, No. 2, Apr., 1974 Accessed 03-19-15 via JSTOR.
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